The lower part of a structure that transmits the load of the superstructure and also its own weight to the soil or rock ,is call Foundation
Types of foundation
The various types of foundation are as detailed below
- Footings : the direct bearing foundation which is constructed as a spread undar the base of a wall , is called a footing
- Combined footings : the combination of two or more footings jointed together to form a small mat , is called a combined footing.
- Strip foundations : the Foundation whoes length is considerable greater then its width is called a strip or continuous footing
- Raft foundation : the Foundation which supports a large number of loads of a singal unit of covers the whole loaded area even more , is called a raft foundation .
- Pile foundation : the Foundation which is provided in soils incapable to transmit the structural load to suitable stretum by inserting relatively slender structural elements called piles, is khown as pile foundation
- End bearing piles : the piles which act as columns and transmit the load through weak soil to firm stratum at a greater depth , are called end bearing piles
- Friction piles : the pile which carry the structural load by the friction between the surfaces of the piles and the surrounding soil , are called friction piles
- Compaction piles : the friction piles which are driven Into cohesionless soils for increasing the shear strength of the soils by compaction, are called compaction piles.
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